Toxoplasmosis, a protozoal infection that can significantly impact domestic animals. At BattLab, we are committed to providing comprehensive diagnostic solutions to aid in the detection and monitoring of this infection.

DIAGNOSIS OF TOXOPLASMOSIS: AN OVERVIEW

Toxoplasmosis (T. gondii infection) can be diagnosed with a variety of tests ranging from serology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cytological/histological examination. Below is a detailed breakdown of each diagnostic method.

SEROLOGY

IgM ANTIBODIES

They emerge shortly after infection but typically diminish within three months. Prolonged IgM presence has been described in cats coinfected with FIV and in cats with ocular toxoplasmosis.

IgG ANTIBODIES

Detectable around four weeks post-infection, IgG levels can remain elevated for years during subclinical infections. Paired sera testing (3-4 weeks apart) is crucial and must show at least a 4-fold increase in titres, indicating active infection.

IgM + IgG ANTIBODIES

While antibody tests alone cannot be used to make a diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis, a combination of serologic evidence, clinical signs and treatment response aids in presumptive diagnosis.

PCR

PCR offers high sensitivity and specificity in detecting T. gondii DNA. Preferred samples include aqueous humour and CSF. A positive result indicates the presence of the organism but may not differentiate acute from chronic infections. Parasitaemia is seldom detected, therefore PCR of peripheral blood is of limited use.

CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY

These diagnostic techniques may reveal tachyzoites in cytological and histological samples. Differentiation from similar parasites like Sarcocystis species and Neospora caninum is not possible based on morphology alone and require further testing. While the specificity of these methodologies is fairly high, sensitivity is low and the absence of the agents on microscopy does not rule out infection.

YOUR DIAGNOSTIC PARTNER: BATTLAB

We offer a comprehensive suite of diagnostic tests for Toxoplasmosis. Whether you need more information or are considering sending samples, our team is here to assist you.